⚛️ Anion komplekslar markazi
5.4-jadval • Lotincha nomlar asosida
📜 Asosiy qoida
Anion komplekslarda markaziy atom (ion) nomiga "at" qo'shimchasiqo'shiladi. Lotincha nom ildizi + "at" = anion kompleks nomi.
Kation kompleks
[Cu(NH₃)₄]SO₄
tetraamminmis(II) sulfat
"mis" — o'zgarmaydi
Anion kompleks
K₂[CuCl₄]
kaliy tetraxlorokuprat(II)
"kuprat" — "at" qo'shilgan
📊 Asosiy metallar (5.4-jadval)
| Belgi | Element | Lotincha | Anion kompleksda |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pb | Qo'rg'oshin | Plumbum | plyumbat |
| Sn | Qalay | Stannum | stannat |
| Fe | Temir | Ferrum | ferrat |
| Cu | Mis | Cuprum | kuprat |
| Au | Oltin | Aurum | aurat |
| Zn | Rux | Zincum | sinkat |
| Hg | Simob | Hydrargyrum | merkurat |
📋 Qo'shimcha metallar
| Belgi | Element | Lotincha | Anion kompleksda |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ag | Kumush | Argentum | argentat |
| Mn | Marganes | Manganum | manganat |
| Co | Kobalt | Cobaltum | kobaltat |
| Ni | Nikel | Niccolum | nikkolat |
| Cr | Xrom | Chromium | xromat |
| Pt | Platina | Platinum | platinat |
| Al | Alyuminiy | Aluminium | alyuminat |
✍️ Amaliy misollar
K₄[Fe(CN)₆]
→ kaliy geksasiyanoferrat(II)
Fe → ferrat, KS = 6
Na[AuCl₄]
→ natriy tetraxloroaurat(III)
Au → aurat, KS = 4
K₂[Pb(OH)₆]
→ kaliy geksagidroksoplyumbat(IV)
Pb → plyumbat, KS = 6
Na₂[Sn(OH)₆]
→ natriy geksagidroksostannat(IV)
Sn → stannat, KS = 6
K₂[Zn(CN)₄]
→ kaliy tetrasiyanosinkat(II)
Zn → sinkat, KS = 4
K₂[HgI₄]
→ kaliy tetraiodomerkurat(II)
Hg → merkurat, KS = 4
💡 Yodda saqlang!
Lotincha nom ildizi + "at" = anion kompleks nomi.
Fe → Ferr + at = ferrat
Cu → Cupr + at = kuprat
Pb → Plumb + at = plyumbat