[Pd(SCN)4]2-🔍 IQ

Tetratiotsianatopalladat(II) (S-bonded, tiosianato)

Tetratiotsianatopalladat(II) (S-bonded)

M = 345.6 g/mol • CAS: 15021-45-1

S-bondedDiamagnitKvadrat-tekis2:1 elektrolit
← Barcha birikmalar
IQ TahlilS-bondedd⁸ kvadrat-tekisDiamagnit2:1 elektrolit

[Pd(SCN)₄]²⁻

345.6 g/mol

tetratiotsianatopalladat(II) — "S-bonded (yumshoq kislota), kvadrat-tekis, diamagnit, linkage izomerizm"

IQ spektri KBr tabletka yoki suvli eritmada olingan. Eng muhim diagnostik signallar: ν(C≡N) 2110 cm⁻¹ — C≡N cho'zilish (S-bonded); ν(C-S) 710 cm⁻¹ — C-S bog' (S-bonded, PAST); ν(Pd-S) 380 cm⁻¹ — Pd-S bog'. Bu kompleks S-bonded SCN⁻ ning klassik namunasi (Pd²⁺ yumshoq kislota).

Metall ioni
Pd²⁺ (d⁸)
Geometriya
Kvadrat-tekis
Magnit
Diamagnit
Elektrolit
2:1 (3 ion)

🔗 Linkage izomerizm — SCN⁻ ambidentat ligand

S-bonded (tiosianato)

Bog'lanish:Pd-S
Rang:Sariq
ν(C≡N):2100-2120 cm⁻¹
ν(C-S):700-720 cm⁻¹ (PAST)
Barqarorlik:Pd²⁺, Pt²⁺ bilan (yumshoq kislota)

N-bonded (izotiosianato)

Bog'lanish:Pd-N
Rang:Sariq yoki rangsiz
ν(C≡N):2050-2100 cm⁻¹
ν(C-S):780-800 cm⁻¹ (YUQORI)
Barqarorlik:Fe³⁺ qattiq kislota bilan

HSAB nazariyasi: Pd²⁺, Pt²⁺ yumshoq kislota — S-bonded afzal (yumshoq asos). Fe³⁺ qattiq kislota — N-bonded afzal (qattiq asos).
ν(C≡N) farqi: S-bonded da 2100-2120 cm⁻¹, N-bonded da 2050-2100 cm⁻¹.
ν(C-S) farqi: S-bonded da 700-720 cm⁻¹ (PAST), N-bonded da 780-800 cm⁻¹ (YUQORI).
⭐ ASOSIY FARQ: ν(C-S) cho'qqisi S-bonded da PAST, N-bonded da YUQORI — bu S-bonded ni N-bonded dan farqlashning ASOSIY usuli!

📊 IQ cho'qqilari — NAZARIY IZOHLAR BILAN

ChastotaBelgilanishIntensivlikSimmetriyaKuch konstanta
2110⭐ν(C≡N)Juda kuchliEᵤ (D₄ₕ)17.2 mdyn/Å
710⭐ν(C-S)KuchliEᵤ (D₄ₕ)4.2 mdyn/Å
380⭐ν(Pd-S)O'rtaEᵤ (D₄ₕ)1.3 mdyn/Å
320δ(Pd-S-C)O'rta-zaifEᵤ (D₄ₕ)0.4 mdyn/Å
450δ(S-C-N)O'rtaEᵤ (D₄ₕ)0.5 mdyn/Å
280δ(S-Pd-S)O'rta-zaifB₂ᵤ (D₄ₕ)0.3 mdyn/Å

⭐⭐ MUHIM: ν(C≡N) = 2110 cm⁻¹ — bu [Pd(SCN)₄]²⁻ ning ASOSIY BELGISI! S-bonded SCN⁻ belgisi. ν(C-S) = 710 cm⁻¹ — S-bonded belgisi (PAST). N-bonded da ν(C-S) ≈ 780-800 cm⁻¹ (YUQORI) — bu S-bonded ni N-bonded dan farqlashning ASOSIY usuli! ν(Pd-S) = 380 cm⁻¹ — Pd-S bog'ining cho'zilishi.

📈 Interaktiv IQ spektr grafigi

Slayderni harakatlantirib, chastotani o'zgartiring. Eng yaqin cho'qqi avtomatik tanlanadi.

200 cm⁻¹ (Pd-S)2000 cm⁻¹4000 cm⁻¹ (C≡N)
To'lqin soni:
2110 cm⁻¹
Belgilanish:
ν(C≡N)
Intensivlik:
Juda kuchli
Simmetriya:
Eᵤ (D₄ₕ)
Kuch konstanta:
17.2 mdyn/Å
📚 Batafsil tavsif:

⭐⭐ ASOSIY BELGI! C≡N cho'zilish (S-bonded SCN⁻). Erkin SCN⁻ (2050 cm⁻¹) dan YUQORI — S-bonding tufayli C≡N bog' biroz kuchliroq. N-bonded da ν(C≡N) ≈ 2050-2100 cm⁻¹ — pastroq.

IQ spektr grafigi — [Pd(SCN)₄]²⁻0.00.20.40.60.81.001000200030004000To'lqin soni (cm⁻¹)Yutilish2110 cm⁻¹ν(C≡N)MUHIM!MUHIM!

🧪 Laboratoriyani 0 dan bajarish tartibi (KENGAYTIRILGAN)

1

⚠️ Xavfsizlik tayyorgarligi

Qo'lqop, ko'zoynak. SCN⁻ toksik. Pd²⁺ yumshoq kislota.

📚 Nazariy izoh:

SCN⁻ toksik. [Pd(SCN)₄]²⁻ S-bonded — Pd²⁺ yumshoq kislota.

Vaqt: 15 daq
2

Sof K₂[Pd(SCN)₄] ni tayyorlash

3

IQ spektrometrni tayyorlash

4

KBr tabletka tayyorlash

5

Spektrlarni o'lchash

6

C≡N va C-S cho'qqilarini tekshirish

🔬 Laboratoriya natijalari solishtirish (KENGAYTIRILGAN)

IDTexnikaSharoitν(C≡N)ν(C-S)Sifat
LAB-001KBr tabletkaSof K₂[Pd(SCN)₄], KBr tabletka2110710A'lo
LAB-002Suvli eritma (UV-Vis)Suvda 10⁻⁴ M——UV-Vis farqlash
LAB-003ATRTo'g'ridan-to'g'ri qattiq2108708A'lo
LAB-004KonduktometriyaSuvda, 10⁻³ M——2:1 elektrolit
📚 Tanlangan natija izohi:

Sof K₂[Pd(SCN)₄] — ν(C≡N) = 2110 cm⁻¹, ν(C-S) = 710 cm⁻¹ cho'qqilari aniq. Bu S-bonded belgisi.

📚 Nazariy izoh:

S-bonded SCN⁻ belgisi. ν(C≡N) ≈ 2100-2120 cm⁻¹ (S-bonded). ν(C-S) ≈ 700-720 cm⁻¹ — PAST (N-bonded da 780-800).

⚠️ Halaqit beruvchi omillar (NAZARIY IZOHLAR)

ManbaChastota oralig'iTa'sirJiddiylik
Suv (H₂O)3400, 1620 cm⁻¹Keng suv cho'qqilari — O-H va H-O-H cho'qqilariO'rta
Erkin SCN⁻2050 cm⁻¹Erkin SCN⁻ cho'qqisi 2050 cm⁻¹ da — C≡N sohasiga aralashishi mumkinO'rta
N-bonded izomer2050-2100, 780-800 cm⁻¹N-bonded izomer cho'qqilari aralashishi mumkinO'rta
Oksidlanish (Pd²⁺ → Pd⁴⁺)BarchaPd²⁺ oksidlanishi mumkin — cho'qqilar o'zgaradiO'rta
📚 Tanlangan omilning yechimi:

Suvsiz shakl ishlatish. KBr tabletka uchun KBr ni quritish.

📚 Nazariy izoh:

Suv cho'qqilari 3400 va 1620 cm⁻¹ da.

🔬 Texnikalar solishtirishi (TARTIBI)

KBr tabletka

KBr bilan tabletka tayyorlash

✓ Afzalliklar:

  • • Eng aniq usul
  • • C≡N va C-S cho'qqilari aniq
  • • Kvantitativ tahlil

✗ Kamchiliklar:

  • • Namuna tayyorlash kerak
  • • KBr nam bo'lsa, suv cho'qqilari aralashadi
Eng yaxshi:
Aniq kvantitativ tahlil
Chastota oralig'i:
4000-400 cm⁻¹
Ruxsat:
2 cm⁻¹
Namuna tayyorlash:
10-15 daq

✅ Asosiy xulosalar

  1. Linkage izomerizm: SCN⁻ ambidentat ligand — N yoki S orqali bog'lanishi mumkin
  2. HSAB nazariyasi: Pd²⁺, Pt²⁺ yumshoq kislota — S-bonded afzal
  3. IR belgisi: ν(C≡N) = 2110 cm⁻¹ (S-bonded), ν(C-S) = 710 cm⁻¹ (PAST)
  4. S-bonded vs N-bonded: ν(C-S) S-bonded da PAST (700-720), N-bonded da YUQORI (780-800)
  5. Kvadrat-tekis: Pd²⁺ (d⁸), diamagnit
  6. 2:1 elektrolit: 3 ion (2K⁺ + [Pd(SCN)₄]²⁻), Λm ≈ 270 S·cm²/mol
  7. ⚠️ XAVFSIZLIK: SCN⁻ toksik! Pd²⁺ yumshoq kislota.
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